公共英语等级考试PETS二级语法资料汇总(六)形容词、副词a

时间：2007-06-04 06:56:33

（单词翻译:单击）

(六)形容词、副词

1．形容词修饰名词/代词；副词修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子，在句中可充当定语、状语、补语、表语。

序号	功用	词类	位置用法	例词/例句
1	定语	形容词	在中心词前	He’s a small Japanese boy.
1	定语	副词	在中心词后	I’ve got used to the life here.
2	状语	形容词	句首/中，表原因/时间句末/中，表伴随/结果	Tired and thirsty, we stopped to have a rest. He lay in bed, awake.
2	状语	副词	在被修饰词前、后修饰全句，位置灵活	You are quite right. Sometimes he goes to school on foot.
3	表语	形容词副词	系动词后	He is tired. They are out.
4	补语	形容词	作主补在谓语后作宾补在宾语后	The little boy was found dead. He find it very useful.
4	补语	副词	作主补在谓语后作宾补在宾语后	She was seen out. Let me show you out.

注意：

（1）the/these/those+形容词表示一类人/物；成对的形容词这样用时可省去the。

The rich are not always happy.

High and low all like this flower.

（2）“enough足够的”作定语时既可放在中心词前也可放在中心词后；但作副词时只能后置。

We have enough food to eat.

We have food enough to eat.

It’s warm enough.

（3）许多以前缀a-构成的形容词常作后置定语，这样的形容词有：awake, alone, alive, afraid, alike¹, asleep, ashamed等。

It is a book worth reading.

Do you know the man asleep over there?

（4）形容词修饰由some/any/no/every与one/body/thing构成的复合不定代词时，要后置。

I have something important to tell you.

（5）形容词（与其他词组/语构成的）短语作定语时要后置。

English is a language difficult to master.

（6）几个副词作状语并列时，位置一般按方式→地点→时间顺序排列。

He came here by air yesterday.

（7）几个形容词并列作表语时，并列的词之间用逗号隔开，最后两个词之间用and(but/yet)等连接，并列词的先后顺序较灵活（有时将强调的词放在最后）。

He is tall,dark and handsome.

2. 形容词、副词比较等级的构成及形式：

规则变化	构成		形式
			原级	比较级		最高级
	单音节词和少数以-er, -ow, -le, -y结尾的双音节词	一般	tall	加-er	taller	加-est	tallest
		以不发音e结尾	noble	加-r	nobler	加-st	noblest
		以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节	wet big	双写最后辅音字母再加-er	wetter bigger	双写最后辅音字母再加-est	wettest biggest
		辅音字母加-y结尾的词	easy heavy	改y为i再加-er	easier heavier	改y为i再加-est	easiest heaviest
	多音节词，多数双音节词及部分加-ly等变来或由分词变来的词		delicious slowly tired tiresome²	词前加more	more delicious more slowly more tired more tiresome	词前加most	most delicious most slowly most tired most tiresome
不规则变化			good well	better		best
			bad/ill badly	worse		worst
			many much	more		most
			little	less		least
			old	elder		eldest³
				older		oldest
			far	farther⁴		farthest
				further		furthest
			late	later		latest
				latter		last

注意：

（1）形容词最高级前要用the,而副词最高级前的the可省。

（2）下面这些词的比较等级可在后面加-er/-est或在前面加more/most构成。

cruel, often, able, clear, clever, correct, dear, free, friendly, happy, handsome, likely, lively, pleasant, right, simple, quiet, solid, strange, strict, stupid, wrong, etc.

分享到：

点击

收听单词发音

1 alike
adj.同样的，相像的；adv.一样地；同程度地
参考例句：
The twins are so alike that I can't tell which is which.这对双胞胎一模一样，我分辨不出谁是谁。 All stories seemed dreadfully alike,no matter who told them.看来，不管谁讲，故事都是千篇一律的。

2 tiresome
adj.令人疲劳的，令人厌倦的
参考例句：
His doubts and hesitations were tiresome.他的疑惑和犹豫令人厌烦。 He was tiresome in contending for the value of his own labors.他老为他自己劳动的价值而争强斗胜，令人生厌。

3 eldest
adj.最年长的，最年老的
参考例句：
The King's eldest son is the heir to the throne.国王的长子是王位的继承人。 The castle and the land are entailed on the eldest son.城堡和土地限定由长子继承。

4 farther
adj.更远的，进一步的；adv.更远的，此外；far的比较级
参考例句：
I can throw the ball farther than you can.这个球我能比你扔得远。 The farther hill is five kilometres away.那座更远的小山在五公里以外。

上一篇：公共英语等级考试PETS二级语法资料汇总(七)冠词
下一篇：公共英语等级考试PETS二级语法资料汇总(六)形容词、副词b