英语100篇精读荟萃（基础篇）13

时间：2007-05-19 06:25:22

（单词翻译:单击）

Passage Thirteen (The Neutrality of American in the Early World War II)
    The establishment of the Third Reich influenced events in American history by starting a chain of events which culminated1 in war between Germany and the United States. The compete destruction of democracy, the persecution2 of Jews, the war on religion, the cruelty and barbarism of the Nazis4, and especially the plans of Germany and her allies, Italy and Japan, for world conquest caused great indignation in this country and brought on fear of another world war. While speaking out against Hitler’s atrocities5, the American people generally favored isolationist policies and neutrality. The Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1936 prohibited trade with any belligerents7 or loans to them. In 1937 the President was empowered to declare an arms embargo8 in wars between nations at his discretion9.
    American opinion began to change somewhat after President Roosevelt’s “quarantine the aggressor” speech at Chicago (1937) in which he severely10 criticized Hitler’s policies. Germany’s seizure11 of Austria and the Munich Pact12 for the partition of Czechoslovakia (1938) also aroused the American people. The conquest of Czechoslovakia in March, 1939 was another rude awakening13 to the menace of the Third Reich. In August,1939 came the shock of the Nazi3-soviet Pact and in September the attack on Poland and the outbreak of European war. The United States attempted to maintain neutrality in spite of sympathy for the democracies arrayed against the Third Reich. The Neutrality Act of 1939 repealed14 the arms embargo and permitted “cash and carry” exports of arms to belligerent6 nations. A strong national defense15 program was begun. A draft act was passed (1940) to strengthen the military services. A Lend Act (1941) authorized16 the President to sell, exchange, or lend materials to any country deemed necessary by him for the defense of the United States. Help was given to Britain by exchanging certain overage destroyers for the right to establish American bases in British territory in the Western Hemisphere. In August, 1940 President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill met and issued the Atlantic Charter which proclaimed the kind of a world which should be established after the war. In December, 1941, Japan launched the unprovoked attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor. Immediately thereafter, Germany declared war on the United States.

1.    One item occurring before 1937 that the author does not mention in his list of actions that alienated17 the American public was
[A] the burning of the Reichstag.
[B] German plans for conquest.
[C] Nazi barbarism.
[D] the persecution of religious groups.
2.    The Lend-Lease Act was designed to
[A] help the British.
[B] strengthen the national defense of the United States.
[C] promote the Atlantic Charter.
[D] avenge18 Pearl Harbor.
3.    American Policy during the years 1935-1936 may be described as being
[A] watchful19.
[B] isolationist.
[C] peaceful.
[D] indifferent.
4.    The Neutrality Act of 1939
[A] permitted the selling of arms to belligerent nations.
[B] antagonized Japan.
[C] permitted the British to trade only with the Allies.
[D] led to Lend-Lease Act.
5.    We entered the war against Germany
[A] because Germany declared war.
[B] because Japan was an ally of Germany.
[C] after Germany had signed the Nazi-soviet Pact.
[D] after peaceful efforts had failed
分享到：


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 culminated 2d1e3f978078666a2282742e3d1ca461     
v.达到极点( culminate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
  • a gun battle which culminated in the death of two police officers 一场造成两名警察死亡的枪战
  • The gala culminated in a firework display. 晚会以大放烟火告终。 来自《简明英汉词典》
2 persecution PAnyA     
n. 迫害,烦扰
参考例句：
  • He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
  • Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。
3 Nazi BjXyF     
n.纳粹分子，adj.纳粹党的，纳粹的
参考例句：
  • They declare the Nazi regime overthrown and sue for peace.他们宣布纳粹政权已被推翻，并出面求和。
  • Nazi closes those war criminals inside their concentration camp.纳粹把那些战犯关在他们的集中营里。
4 Nazis 39168f65c976085afe9099ea0411e9a5     
n.（德国的）纳粹党员( Nazi的名词复数 )；纳粹主义
参考例句：
  • The Nazis worked them over with gun butts. 纳粹分子用枪托毒打他们。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The Nazis were responsible for the mass murder of Jews during World War Ⅱ. 纳粹必须为第二次世界大战中对犹太人的大屠杀负责。 来自《简明英汉词典》
5 atrocities 11fd5f421aeca29a1915a498e3202218     
n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪
参考例句：
  • They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities. 他们犯有最野蛮、最灭绝人性的残暴罪行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The enemy's atrocities made one boil with anger. 敌人的暴行令人发指。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
6 belligerent Qtwzz     
adj.好战的，挑起战争的；n.交战国，交战者
参考例句：
  • He had a belligerent aspect.他有种好斗的神色。
  • Our government has forbidden exporting the petroleum to the belligerent countries.我们政府已经禁止向交战国输出石油。
7 belligerents 3b5306a61bca86b0200c7f73ab91c5dd     
n.交战的一方（指国家、集团或个人）( belligerent的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • At long last an armistice was declared by the belligerents. 交战双方终于宣布停战。 来自辞典例句
  • Yet it remains unclear whether the actual belligerents will accept it. 但真正的交战双方是否会接受还是个未知数。 来自互联网
8 embargo OqixW     
n.禁运（令）；vt.对...实行禁运，禁止（通商）
参考例句：
  • This country put an oil embargo on an enemy country.该国对敌国实行石油禁运。
  • During the war,they laid an embargo on commerce with enemy countries.在战争期间，他们禁止与敌国通商。
9 discretion FZQzm     
n.谨慎；随意处理
参考例句：
  • You must show discretion in choosing your friend.你择友时必须慎重。
  • Please use your best discretion to handle the matter.请慎重处理此事。
10 severely SiCzmk     
adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地
参考例句：
  • He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
  • He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。
11 seizure FsSyO     
n.没收；占有；抵押
参考例句：
  • The seizure of contraband is made by customs.那些走私品是被海关没收的。
  • The courts ordered the seizure of all her property.法院下令查封她所有的财产。
12 pact ZKUxa     
n.合同，条约，公约，协定
参考例句：
  • The two opposition parties made an electoral pact.那两个反对党订了一个有关选举的协定。
  • The trade pact between those two countries came to an end.那两国的通商协定宣告结束。
13 awakening 9ytzdV     
n.觉醒，醒悟 adj.觉醒中的；唤醒的
参考例句：
  • the awakening of interest in the environment 对环境产生的兴趣
  • People are gradually awakening to their rights. 人们正逐渐意识到自己的权利。
14 repealed 3d9f89fff28ae1cbe7bc44768bc7f02d     
撤销，废除( repeal的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
  • The Labour Party repealed the Act. 工党废除了那项法令。
  • The legislature repealed the unpopular Rent Act. 立法机关废除了不得人心的租借法案。
15 defense AxbxB     
n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩
参考例句：
  • The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
  • The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。
16 authorized jyLzgx     
a.委任的，许可的
参考例句：
  • An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一个行政命令得到一个法规的认可那么这个命令就是有效的。
17 alienated Ozyz55     
adj.感到孤独的，不合群的v.使疏远( alienate的过去式和过去分词 )；使不友好；转让；让渡（财产等）
参考例句：
  • His comments have alienated a lot of young voters. 他的言论使许多年轻选民离他而去。
  • The Prime Minister's policy alienated many of her followers. 首相的政策使很多拥护她的人疏远了她。 来自《简明英汉词典》
18 avenge Zutzl     
v.为...复仇，为...报仇
参考例句：
  • He swore to avenge himself on the mafia.他发誓说要向黑手党报仇。
  • He will avenge the people on their oppressor.他将为人民向压迫者报仇。
19 watchful tH9yX     
adj.注意的，警惕的
参考例句：
  • The children played under the watchful eye of their father.孩子们在父亲的小心照看下玩耍。
  • It is important that health organizations remain watchful.卫生组织保持警惕是极为重要的。

©2005-2010英文阅读网