China’sEconomy(4)中国的经济

时间：2007-05-08 00:46:10

（单词翻译:单击）

SOE reform
    With many of the smaller and more inefficient1 SOEs already closed, the government now has to tackle the behemoths, the country's largest employers. The number of laid-off SOE workers is expected to hit 12 million this year.
The non-state sector2
    China has made several moves to encourage the non-state sector in recent months. As China prepares to enter the WTO, private firms may gain more opportunities to participate in the capital markets. Parts of the service sector may also be deregulated.
    Employment In 1999, urban registered unemployment was 3.1 percent. Official unemployment figures do not include the rural population, the floating population, or the millions who are technically3 unemployed4, but still on SOE payrolls6. Independent analysts7 estimate that when these populations are included, China's unemployment rate reaches double digits8.
SCENARIOS10 FOR 2000
    WTO preparations aside, the PRC economy is facing several years of high unemployment, stubborn overcapacity, industrial and agricultural restructuring, and slower growth than that of the early 1990s. The prospect11 of WTO membership gives the country's leaders an added impetus12 to implement13 reforms. Implementation14 will be difficult, and will almost certainly meet resistance, especially at the local level. Nevertheless, reform will progress, if slowly, and China will continue on its path to full integration15 with the world economy.
 
Notes
SOE=state-owned enterprises国有企业
reform n.改革
inefficient adj.效率低的, 效率差的
tackle vt.应付(难事等), 处理, 解决
behemoths n.巨兽, 庞然大物
employer n.雇主, 老板
lay-off v.解雇, 停止工作
laid-off SOE workers国有企业下岗工人
capital market资本市场
deregulate v.解除管制
employment n.雇用, 工作, 职业
urban registered unemployment城市登记失业（人数）
official unemployment figures官方失业人数
rural population农村人口
floating population流动人口
payroll5 n.薪水册
estimate v.估计, 估价, 评估
double digits两位数
scenario9 n.an outline or a model of an expected or a supposed sequence of events预料或期望的一系列事件的梗概或模式
stubborn adj.难应付的, 难处理的
overcapacity n.too great a capacity for production of commodities or delivery of services in relation to actual need生产能力过剩：与实际需要相比，过大的生产工业商品能力或过多的服务
industrial and agricultural restructuring工农业结构调整
impetus n.推动力, 促进
implementation n.执行
resistance n.反抗, 抵抗, 抵抗力
full integration with the world economy与世界经济全面接规.
integration n.the act or process of integrating结合的行为和过程

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1 inefficient c76xm     
adj.效率低的，无效的
参考例句：
  • The inefficient operation cost the firm a lot of money.低效率的运作使该公司损失了许多钱。
  • Their communication systems are inefficient in the extreme.他们的通讯系统效率非常差。
2 sector yjczYn     
n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形
参考例句：
  • The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
  • The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。
3 technically wqYwV     
adv.专门地，技术上地
参考例句：
  • Technically it is the most advanced equipment ever.从技术上说，这是最先进的设备。
  • The tomato is technically a fruit,although it is eaten as a vegetable.严格地说，西红柿是一种水果，尽管它是当作蔬菜吃的。
4 unemployed lfIz5Q     
adj.失业的，没有工作的；未动用的，闲置的
参考例句：
  • There are now over four million unemployed workers in this country.这个国家现有四百万失业人员。
  • The unemployed hunger for jobs.失业者渴望得到工作。
5 payroll YmQzUB     
n.工资表，在职人员名单，工薪总额
参考例句：
  • His yearly payroll is $1.2 million.他的年薪是120万美元。
  • I can't wait to get my payroll check.我真等不及拿到我的工资单了。
6 payrolls 6c9c6a79f750b129f50f4617a38144a8     
n.（公司员工的）工资名单( payroll的名词复数 )；（公司的）工资总支出，工薪总额
参考例句：
  • Indices of employment, payrolls, and production steadied in February 1931931年2月，就业、工资额和生产指数稳定。 来自辞典例句
  • Wall Street responded to the payrolls figures with gusto. 华尔街对就业数据作出了积极的反应。 来自互联网
7 analysts 167ff30c5034ca70abe2d60a6e760448     
分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
  • I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。
8 digits a2aacbd15b619a9b9e5581a6c33bd2b1     
n.数字( digit的名词复数 )；手指，足趾
参考例句：
  • The number 1000 contains four digits. 1000是四位数。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The number 410 contains three digits. 数字 410 中包括三个数目字。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
9 scenario lZoxm     
n.剧本，脚本；概要
参考例句：
  • But the birth scenario is not completely accurate.然而分娩脚本并非完全准确的。
  • This is a totally different scenario.这是完全不同的剧本。
10 scenarios f7c7eeee199dc0ef47fe322cc223be88     
n.[意]情节；剧本；事态；脚本
参考例句：
  • Further, graphite cores may be safer than non-graphite cores under some accident scenarios. 再者，根据一些事故解说，石墨堆芯可比非石墨堆芯更安全一些。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
  • Again, scenarios should make it clear which modes are acceptable to users in various contexts. 同样，我们可以运用场景剧本来搞清楚在不同情境下哪些模式可被用户接受。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
11 prospect P01zn     
n.前景，前途；景色，视野
参考例句：
  • This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
  • The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。
12 impetus L4uyj     
n.推动，促进，刺激；推动力
参考例句：
  • This is the primary impetus behind the economic recovery.这是促使经济复苏的主要动力。
  • Her speech gave an impetus to my ideas.她的讲话激发了我的思绪。
13 implement WcdzG     
n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行
参考例句：
  • Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
  • The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。
14 implementation 2awxV     
n.实施，贯彻
参考例句：
  • Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。
15 integration G5Pxk     
n.一体化，联合，结合
参考例句：
  • We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。
  • This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。

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