女性吸烟问题引起关注

5月31号是“世界无烟日”，世界卫生组织将今年“世界无烟日”的主题确定为“两性与烟草：关注针对女性的促销行为”。 世卫组织公报指出，现在在一些国家女性吸烟者、特别是吸烟的年轻女孩越来越多，这一趋势着实令人担忧。

Females represent the biggest potential growth market for tobacco products and are being subjected to aggressive campaigns linked to fashion, sports events and entertainment, the World Health Organization said.

The World Health Organization called on Friday for more action against tobacco advertising¹ that targets women and girls, especially in developing countries.

Females represent the biggest potential growth market for tobacco products and are being subjected to aggressive campaigns（活动） linked to fashion, sports events and entertainment, the United Nations agency said.

"The industry's market strategy is having its desired impact," Douglas Bettcher, director of WHO's tobacco free initiative（主动权，首创精神） , said at a news briefing. "More and more girls are starting to light up. This is a serious red flag."

Ahead of World No Tobacco Day on Monday, the WHO released its survey on youth smoking.

The report said that out of 151 countries, half reported that as many teenage girls smoke as boys, and even outnumber（超过） boys in parts of Latin America, notably² Chile, Colombia and Mexico, as well as in Eastern Europe.

Men account for 80 percent of the world's 1 billion smokers³, according to the UN agency. Among adults, 40 percent of men smoke, compared to about 9 percent of women.

In large emerging markets such as China and India, 60 percent of men smoke versus⁴ 3 to 5 percent of women, leaving an important market to capture, WHO officials said.

"The tobacco industry is spending heavily on seductive（有魅力的，引人注意的） advertisements that target women especially in low- and middle-income countries," Bettcher said. "The advertisements try to dupe（欺骗，愚弄） women in believing that tobacco use is associated with beauty and liberation."

Some 5 million people die every year from tobacco-related heart attacks, strokes and cancers, including 1.5 million women, according to WHO. Another 430,000 adults die annually⁵ from exposure to second-hand⁶ smoke, two in three of them women.

A WHO treaty in 2003, ratified⁷（批准） by 160 countries, recommended imposing⁸ a complete ban on advertising, promotion⁹ and marketing¹⁰ of tobacco products. Only 26 countries have done so, it said.

More than $13 billion was spent on tobacco advertising and promotion in the United States in 2005, according to the WHO.

In Japan, where rates of male smokers have sharply fallen in recent years, pink packs of cigarettes are aggressively promoted to attract girls, according to the WHO. In Egypt, one maker¹¹ uses a cigarette pack resembling a perfume container.

"The industry has studied what makes women tick in both the developed and developing countries," said Adepeju Olukoya, of the WHO's gender¹², women and health department.

Cigarette maker Philip Morris International said in a statement that it does not market to children or use any images or content that might appeal to minors¹³.

"We believe that regulations can strike the right balance between effectively limiting tobacco product marketing and preserving the ability of tobacco companies to communicate with adult smokers," the maker of Marlboro cigarettes added.

The company said it opposed a total ban on tobacco marketing but supported regulations that restrict advertising, including complete bans in some media, such as television and radio.