英语100篇精读荟萃（中级篇）16a
时间：2007-09-17 06:24:43
（单词翻译:单击）
Passage Sixteen (Crime in Computer)
New and bizarre crimes have come into being with the advent1 of computer technology. Organized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited2 opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage3, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes…
Theft of data, or data crime, has attracted the interest of organized criminal syndicates. This is usually the theft or copying of valuable computer grogram. An international market already exists for computerized data, and specialized4 fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market. Buyers for stolen programs may range from a firm’s competitors to foreign nations.
A competitor sabotages5 a company’s computer system to destroy or cripple the firm’s operational ability, thus neutralizing6 its competitive capability7 either in the private or the government sector8. This computer sabotage may also be tied to an attempt by affluent9 investors10 to acquire the victim firm. With the growing reliance by firms on computers for their recordkeeping and daily operations, sabotage of their computers can result in internal havoc11, after which the group interested in acquiring the firm can easily buy it at a substantially lower price. Criminal groups could also resort to sabotage if the company is a competitor of a business owned or controlled by organized crime.
Politically motivated sabotage is on the increase; political extremist groups have sprouted12 on every continent. Sophisticated computer technology arms these groups with awesome13 powers and opens technologically14 advanced nations to their attack. Several attempts have already been made to destroy computer facility at an air force base. A university computer facility involved in national defence work suffered more than $2 million in damages as a result of a bombing.
Computer vulnerability has been amply documented. One congressional study concluded that neither government nor private computer systems are adequately protected against sabotage. Organized criminal syndicates have shown their willingness to work with politically motivated groups. Investigators15 have uncovered evidence of cooperation between criminal groups and foreign governments in narcotics16. Criminal groups have taken attempts in assassinating17 political leaders…. Computers are used in hospital life-support system, in laboratories, and in major surgery. Criminals could easily turn these computers into tools of devastation18. By sabotaging19 the computer of a life-support system, criminals could kill an individual as easily as they had used a gun. By manipulating a computer, they could guide awesome tools of terror against large urban centers. Cities and nations could become hostages. Homicide could take a now form. The computer may become the hit man of the twentieth century.
The computer opens vast areas of crime to organized criminal groups, both national and international. It calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting20 a vast network of fences. Although criminals have adapted to computer technology, law enforcement has not. Many still think in terms of traditional criminology.
1. How many kinds of crimes are mentioned in the passage?
[A]. 7. [B]. 8. [C]. 9. [D]. 10
2. What is the purpose of a competitor to sabotage a company’s computer?
[A]. His purpose is to destroy or weaken the firm’s operational ability.
[B]. His purpose is to weaken firm’s competitive capability and get it.
[C]. His purpose is to buy the rival’s company at a relatively21 low price.
[D]. His purpose is to steal important data.
3. Which of the following can be labeled as a politically motivated sabotage of a computer system?
[A]. Sabotage of a university computer.
[B]. Sabotage of a hospital computer.
[C]. Sabotage of computer at a secret training base.
[D]. Sabotage of a factory computer.
4. What does the author mean by “Homicide could take a new form”?
[A]. There is no need to use a gun in killing22 a person.
[B]. Criminals can kill whoever they want by a computer.
[C]. The computer can replace any weapons.
[D]. The function of a computer is just like a gun.
New and bizarre crimes have come into being with the advent1 of computer technology. Organized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited2 opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage3, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes…
Theft of data, or data crime, has attracted the interest of organized criminal syndicates. This is usually the theft or copying of valuable computer grogram. An international market already exists for computerized data, and specialized4 fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market. Buyers for stolen programs may range from a firm’s competitors to foreign nations.
A competitor sabotages5 a company’s computer system to destroy or cripple the firm’s operational ability, thus neutralizing6 its competitive capability7 either in the private or the government sector8. This computer sabotage may also be tied to an attempt by affluent9 investors10 to acquire the victim firm. With the growing reliance by firms on computers for their recordkeeping and daily operations, sabotage of their computers can result in internal havoc11, after which the group interested in acquiring the firm can easily buy it at a substantially lower price. Criminal groups could also resort to sabotage if the company is a competitor of a business owned or controlled by organized crime.
Politically motivated sabotage is on the increase; political extremist groups have sprouted12 on every continent. Sophisticated computer technology arms these groups with awesome13 powers and opens technologically14 advanced nations to their attack. Several attempts have already been made to destroy computer facility at an air force base. A university computer facility involved in national defence work suffered more than $2 million in damages as a result of a bombing.
Computer vulnerability has been amply documented. One congressional study concluded that neither government nor private computer systems are adequately protected against sabotage. Organized criminal syndicates have shown their willingness to work with politically motivated groups. Investigators15 have uncovered evidence of cooperation between criminal groups and foreign governments in narcotics16. Criminal groups have taken attempts in assassinating17 political leaders…. Computers are used in hospital life-support system, in laboratories, and in major surgery. Criminals could easily turn these computers into tools of devastation18. By sabotaging19 the computer of a life-support system, criminals could kill an individual as easily as they had used a gun. By manipulating a computer, they could guide awesome tools of terror against large urban centers. Cities and nations could become hostages. Homicide could take a now form. The computer may become the hit man of the twentieth century.
The computer opens vast areas of crime to organized criminal groups, both national and international. It calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting20 a vast network of fences. Although criminals have adapted to computer technology, law enforcement has not. Many still think in terms of traditional criminology.
1. How many kinds of crimes are mentioned in the passage?
[A]. 7. [B]. 8. [C]. 9. [D]. 10
2. What is the purpose of a competitor to sabotage a company’s computer?
[A]. His purpose is to destroy or weaken the firm’s operational ability.
[B]. His purpose is to weaken firm’s competitive capability and get it.
[C]. His purpose is to buy the rival’s company at a relatively21 low price.
[D]. His purpose is to steal important data.
3. Which of the following can be labeled as a politically motivated sabotage of a computer system?
[A]. Sabotage of a university computer.
[B]. Sabotage of a hospital computer.
[C]. Sabotage of computer at a secret training base.
[D]. Sabotage of a factory computer.
4. What does the author mean by “Homicide could take a new form”?
[A]. There is no need to use a gun in killing22 a person.
[B]. Criminals can kill whoever they want by a computer.
[C]. The computer can replace any weapons.
[D]. The function of a computer is just like a gun.
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1
advent
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| n.(重要事件等的)到来，来临 | |
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unlimited
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| adj.无限的，不受控制的，无条件的 | |
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3
sabotage
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| n.怠工，破坏活动，破坏；v.从事破坏活动，妨害，破坏 | |
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specialized
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| adj.专门的，专业化的 | |
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sabotages
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| 阴谋破坏（某事物）( sabotage的第三人称单数 ) | |
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6
neutralizing
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| v.使失效( neutralize的现在分词 )；抵消；中和；使（一个国家）中立化 | |
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7
capability
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| n.能力；才能；(pl)可发展的能力或特性等 | |
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sector
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| n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形 | |
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affluent
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| adj.富裕的，富有的，丰富的，富饶的 | |
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10
investors
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| n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 ) | |
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havoc
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| n.大破坏，浩劫，大混乱，大杂乱 | |
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12
sprouted
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| v.发芽( sprout的过去式和过去分词 )；抽芽；出现；（使）涌现出 | |
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awesome
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| adj.令人惊叹的，难得吓人的，很好的 | |
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technologically
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| ad.技术上地 | |
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investigators
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| n.调查者，审查者( investigator的名词复数 ) | |
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narcotics
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| n.麻醉药( narcotic的名词复数 )；毒品；毒 | |
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assassinating
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| v.暗杀( assassinate的现在分词 )；中伤；诋毁；破坏 | |
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devastation
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| n.毁坏；荒废；极度震惊或悲伤 | |
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sabotaging
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| 阴谋破坏（某事物）( sabotage的现在分词 ) | |
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requiting
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| v.报答( requite的现在分词 )；酬谢；回报；报复 | |
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relatively
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| adv.比较...地，相对地 | |
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killing
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| n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财 | |
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