中国银行业的作用（3）-FECT

时间：2007-05-17 03:19:09

（单词翻译:单击）

Overview1 of the Banking2 Industry in China

I.The Role of the Banking Sector3 in China

Paragragh 5 (P1)

1.Fourth, the banking sector provides the indispensable national payments mechanism4 for the development of modern financial and business systems.

    第四，银行部门为现代财政和企业体制的发展提供必要的国家支付体系。

 
    (1)the indispensable national payment mechanism：必要的国家支付体系
        indispensable：a．不可缺少的；绝对必要的
        mechanism: n.way in which sth works or is constructed：机制；结构
     例：competitive mechanism：竞争机制
        exchange rate mechanism：汇率机制
        market mechanism：市场机制
        price mechanism：价格机制
        mechanism of exchange：交易机构
        mechanism of government：政府机构
    (2)modern financial and business systems：现代财务制度和工商企业体系    Paragragh 6   
2.Fifth, the banking system as a whole reduces risks through aggregation5 and enables them to be carried by those more willing to bear them.
    整个银行体系采用集中风险的手段来降低风险，使那些更原意承担风险的人去承担风险。
   (1)aggregation: n.聚集；汇集（风险）
       aggregate: v.bring or come together in a mass聚集；汇聚
       them:此处指“风险”
       carry them (risks):负担（具有）风险
       carry: v. involve;entail:具有；使负担
    例：The loan carries 3.5% interest.该贷款负担百分之三点五的利息。
　 (2)(those persons) (who are) more willing to bear them:更原意承担风险的（那些人）
    由(who are) willing to bear them定语从句（简化为分词短语）修饰前面的those (persons)。
    bear: v.endure承担；忍受   

Paragragh 7

3.Following five decades of evolution, particularly more than two decades of reform and opening to the outside world, China's banking sector has entered a stage of vigorous development.

    中国银行业经过50年的发展，特别是经过20多年的改革开放，已经进入了一个蓬勃发展的阶段。 

 
    (1)decade: n.period of ten years:十年的期间
    (2)evolution: n.process of opening out or developing:发育；发展
    (3)reform and opening to the outside world:改革开放
4、The past few years have seen marked acceleration6 of China's banking reform, particularly significant strengthening of the central bank’s capacity for supervision7 and microeconomic management.
    在过去的几年中，中国银行业的改革速度显著加快，特别是强化了中央银行的监管职能和对宏观经济的管理职能。
    (1)strenghen: v.make or become strong(er)加强；强化
    (2)capacity: n.ability能力；职能
    (3)supervision: n.监督；管理
        supervise: v.watch and direct监督；管理；指导
    (4)microeconomic management:宏观经济管理
    (5)openness: n.open+ness   

Paragragh 8

5. The evolution of the Chinese banking system can be broadly divided into three phases.

    现代中国银行业体制的发展演变大体上分为三个阶段。

 
    (1)phase: n.stage of development:阶段；时期
 
6.The establishment of the People's Bank of China (PBC) in December 1984 marked the beginning of the first phase, which was characterized by a mono-bank engaged in both policy and commercial banking operations.
    这个阶段以中国人民银行由既从事政策性银行业务，又从事商业性银行业务的单一银行（制度）为特征。
    本句为由which引导的非限制性定语从句，对主句作补充说明。
    (1)be characterized by …:以……为特征
    (2)mono-bank (system):单一银行（制度）
         mono-:（字首）表示“单一”之意。
    (3)由engaged in …过去分词短语修饰前面的a mono-bank (system)。
 
6.It is dictated8 by highly centralized planned economic system.
    这种体制是由高度集中的计划经济体制决定的。
    (1)highly centralized planned economic system:高度集中的计划经济体制
    (2)dictate: v.口授命令；支配

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1 overview 8mrz1L     
n.概观，概述
参考例句：
  • The opening chapter gives a brief historical overview of transport.第一章是运输史的简要回顾。
  • The seminar aims to provide an overview on new media publishing.研讨会旨在综览新兴的媒体出版。
2 banking aySz20     
n.银行业，银行学，金融业
参考例句：
  • John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
  • He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。
3 sector yjczYn     
n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形
参考例句：
  • The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
  • The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。
4 mechanism zCWxr     
n.机械装置；机构，结构
参考例句：
  • The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
  • The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。
5 aggregation OKUyE     
n.聚合，组合；凝聚
参考例句：
  • A high polymer is a very large aggregation of units.一个高聚物是许多单元的非常大的组合。
  • Moreover,aggregation influences the outcome of chemical disinfection of viruses.此外，聚集作用还会影响化学消毒的效果。
6 acceleration ff8ya     
n.加速，加速度
参考例句：
  • All spacemen must be able to bear acceleration.所有太空人都应能承受加速度。
  • He has also called for an acceleration of political reforms.他同时呼吁加快政治改革的步伐。
7 supervision hr6wv     
n.监督，管理
参考例句：
  • The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
  • The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。
8 dictated aa4dc65f69c81352fa034c36d66908ec     
v.大声讲或读( dictate的过去式和过去分词 )；口授；支配；摆布
参考例句：
  • He dictated a letter to his secretary. 他向秘书口授信稿。
  • No person of a strong character likes to be dictated to. 没有一个个性强的人愿受人使唤。 来自《简明英汉词典》

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