2021年度全国十大考古新发现 上

Piluo site, Sichuan Province 四川稻城皮洛遗址

 

Piluo is by far China's best preserved archaeological site from the Paleolithic period dating back from 2.5 million to around 10,000 years ago. It is situated¹ in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in southwest China's Sichuan Province.

皮洛遗址位于四川省，是迄今为止青藏高原考古发现的地层保存最完整的旧石器时代（距今约250万年——1万年）旷野遗址。

 

Over 6,000 stone artifacts were discovered in September, including Acheulean axes previously² found mainly in prehistoric³ sites across Africa and the western coast of the Eurasian continent.

截至去年9月，已出土6000余件石制品，包括阿舍利手斧。之前发现的这种手斧主要分布在非洲和欧亚大陆西侧的史前遗址内。

 

Huangshan site, Henan Province 河南南阳黄山遗址

 

The ancient site of Huangshan in Nanyang, central China's Henan Province, is known for cultural relics⁴ from the Neolithic⁵ period. Chinese archaeologists have excavated⁶ around 2,400 square meters of the 300,000-square-meter site and discovered cultural relics from the Neolithic period, such as house sites, workshops and tombs of the Yangshao, a Neolithic culture that existed along the Yellow River in China from around 5,000 to 3,000 BC.

黄山遗址位于河南省南阳市，是一处总面积30万平方的新石器时代遗址。目前，发掘面积共2400平方米，出土了大量的重要文化遗存，其中包括仰韶文化房址、作坊、墓葬等。仰韶文化，是指黄河中游地区一种重要的新石器时代文化，其持续时间大约在公元前5000年至前3000年。

 

Lixian, Jijiao city site, Hunan Province 湖南澧县鸡叫城遗址

 

After four rounds of excavation⁷, the remains⁸ of a large wooden structure in the western part of the site were revealed. This is the clearest structure and the most complete preservation⁹ of prehistoric wooden structure found in China, dating back to about 4,700 years ago.

经过四轮发掘，在鸡叫城遗址西侧发现了大型木结构建筑遗址。这是目前中国考古发现的保存最完整、结构最清楚的木结构建筑基础，可追溯至距今4700年前。

 

Gangshang site, Shandong Province 山东滕州岗上遗址

 

The Gangshang site, located in eastern Tengzhou City, east China's Shandong Province, is the earliest and largest historical site of Dawenkou culture discovered so far.

岗上遗址位于山东省东部的滕州市东岸，是迄今发现年代最早、规模最大的大汶口时期文化遗址。

 

Sanxingdui site, Sichuan Province 四川广汉三星堆遗址祭祀区

 

The Sanxingdui Ruins site is considered one of the most important archaeological discoveries of the 20th century. The excavation has lasted nearly 100 years since the first discovery in the late 1920s.

三星堆遗址被认为是20世纪最重要的考古发现之一。自20世纪20年代末第一次被发现以来，对该遗址的发掘工作已经持续了近100年。

 

Since March 2021, Chinese archaeologists have uncovered major finds at the site's six newly found sacrificial pits. More than 500 artifacts, such as ivory, bronze, gold and jade¹⁰ items, dating back about 3,000 years to the Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC) were discovered.

自2021年3月以来，中国考古学家对新发现的六个“祭祀坑”进行考古发掘。目前已出土金面具、青铜人像、大量象牙、玉器等500余件重要文物。这些文物历史久远，可追溯至3000多年前的商朝(公元前1600年至公元前1046年)。

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