人死后尸体将经历怎样的变化

时间：2016-11-07 08:15:30

（单词翻译:单击）

1.The last bit of oxygen in your body is used up, and brain activity surges briefly1 as neurons stop working and the brain stops secreting2 hormones3 that regulate body function. 
 
The last of the energy stores (ATP) is used up and the sphincter relaxes, causing the body to release urine and excrement4. 
 
2. Between 15 and 25 minutes after death, the lack of blood flow to capillaries5 causes the skin to go pale. 
 
The heart is no longer beating, so blood is not being propelled around the body. 
 
As a result, the blood pools in the lower parts of the body. 
 
3. After 12 hours, the skin will have reached maximum discoloration (or a reddish purple colour). 
 
Calcium6 leaks into muscle cells, binding7 to proteins which are in charge of muscle contraction8. 
 
The stiffness referred to as rigor10 mortis sets in three to six hours after death, and lasts for between 24 and 48 hours. 
 
4. Dead cells and carbon dioxide causes the PH level of your skin tissue to rise. 
 
This makes the cell membrane11 weak and it bursts, releasing proteins and enzymes12 which further break down the surrounding tissue. 
 
This is the process of decomposition13. 
 
5. Micro-organisms start to break down your body. 
 
Bacteria in the gastro-intestinal tract9 eats through the abdominal14 organs. 
 
This is called putrefaction15, and it causes the smell of death associated with a dead body. 
 
The breakdown16 of amino acids creates other strong-smelling acids which attract insects that lay eggs in the rotting tissue. 
 
The eggs hatch after 24 hours and the maggots eventually consume 60 percent of the body tissue over a number of weeks. 
 
6. Finally, the maggots create holes in the rotting flesh, which allow decomposition fluids and gases to escape. 
 
After a month and a half, beetles17 and fungi18 further consume the remains19. 
 
This is called dry decay which can take up to one year. 
 
Eventually, every part of the body will have been broken down and used.

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1 briefly 9Styo     
adv.简单地，简短地
参考例句：
  • I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.我想简单地谈一下这个问题的另一方面。
  • He was kidnapped and briefly detained by a terrorist group.他被一个恐怖组织绑架并短暂拘禁。
2 secreting 47e7bdbfbae077baace25c92a8fda97d     
v.（尤指动物或植物器官）分泌( secrete的现在分词 )；隐匿，隐藏
参考例句：
  • It is also an endocrine gland secreting at least two important hormones. 它也是一种内分泌腺，至少分泌二种重要的激素。 来自辞典例句
  • And some calcite-secreting organisms also add magnesium to the mix. 有些分泌方解石的生物，会在分泌物中加入镁。 来自互联网
3 hormones hormones     
n. 荷尔蒙，激素 名词hormone的复数形式
参考例句：
  • This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body. 这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
  • The adrenals produce a large per cent of a man's sex hormones. 肾上腺分泌人体的大部分性激素。
4 excrement IhLzw     
n.排泄物，粪便
参考例句：
  • The cage smelled of excrement.笼子里粪臭熏人。
  • Clothing can also become contaminated with dust,feathers,and excrement.衣着则会受到微尘、羽毛和粪便的污染。
5 capillaries d0d7ccc2f58ea09ec26e13a0d6ffd34a     
毛细管，毛细血管( capillary的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • The blood flows from the capillaries back into the veins. 血从毛细血管流回静脉。
  • While Joe sleeps, a large percentage of his capillaries are inactive. 当乔睡觉时，他的毛细血管大部分是不工作的。
6 calcium sNdzY     
n.钙(化学符号Ca)
参考例句：
  • We need calcium to make bones.我们需要钙来壮骨。
  • Calcium is found most abundantly in milk.奶含钙最丰富。
7 binding 2yEzWb     
有约束力的，有效的，应遵守的
参考例句：
  • The contract was not signed and has no binding force. 合同没有签署因而没有约束力。
  • Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding. 双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。
8 contraction sn6yO     
n.缩略词，缩写式，害病
参考例句：
  • The contraction of this muscle raises the lower arm.肌肉的收缩使前臂抬起。
  • The forces of expansion are balanced by forces of contraction.扩张力和收缩力相互平衡。
9 tract iJxz4     
n.传单，小册子，大片(土地或森林)
参考例句：
  • He owns a large tract of forest.他拥有一大片森林。
  • He wrote a tract on this subject.他曾对此写了一篇短文。
10 rigor as0yi     
n.严酷，严格，严厉
参考例句：
  • Their analysis lacks rigor.他们的分析缺乏严谨性。||The crime will be treated with the full rigor of the law.这一罪行会严格依法审理。
11 membrane H7ez8     
n.薄膜，膜皮，羊皮纸
参考例句：
  • A vibrating membrane in the ear helps to convey sounds to the brain.耳膜的振动帮助声音传送到大脑。
  • A plastic membrane serves as selective diffusion barrier.一层塑料薄膜起着选择性渗透屏障的作用。
12 enzymes 7881ad8ce9c83424f7874e70266ed2d8     
n. 酶，酵素
参考例句：
  • It was said that washing powders containing enzymes remove stains more efficiently. 据说加酶洗衣粉除污更有效。
  • Among the enzymes which are particularly effective are pepsin, papain. 在酶当中特别有效的是胃朊酶、木瓜酶。
13 decomposition AnFzT     
n. 分解, 腐烂, 崩溃
参考例句：
  • It is said that the magnetite was formed by a chemical process called thermal decomposition. 据说这枚陨星是在热分解的化学过程中形成的。
  • The dehydration process leads to fairly extensive decomposition of the product. 脱水过程会导致产物相当程度的分解。
14 abdominal VIUya     
adj.腹（部）的，下腹的；n.腹肌
参考例句：
  • The abdominal aorta is normally smaller than the thoracic aorta.腹主动脉一般比胸主动脉小。
  • Abdominal tissues sometimes adhere after an operation.手术之后腹部有时会出现粘连。
15 putrefaction z0mzC     
n.腐坏，腐败
参考例句：
  • Putrefaction is the anaerobic degradation of proteinaceous materials.腐败作用是蛋白性物质的厌氧降解作用。
  • There is a clear difference between fermentation and putrefaction.发酵与腐败有明显区别。
16 breakdown cS0yx     
n.垮，衰竭；损坏，故障，倒塌
参考例句：
  • She suffered a nervous breakdown.她患神经衰弱。
  • The plane had a breakdown in the air,but it was fortunately removed by the ace pilot.飞机在空中发生了故障，但幸运的是被王牌驾驶员排除了。
17 beetles e572d93f9d42d4fe5aa8171c39c86a16     
n.甲虫( beetle的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • Beetles bury pellets of dung and lay their eggs within them. 甲壳虫把粪粒埋起来，然后在里面产卵。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This kind of beetles have hard shell. 这类甲虫有坚硬的外壳。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
18 fungi 6hRx6     
n.真菌，霉菌
参考例句：
  • Students practice to apply the study of genetics to multicellular plants and fungi.学生们练习把基因学应用到多细胞植物和真菌中。
  • The lawn was covered with fungi.草地上到处都是蘑菇。
19 remains 1kMzTy     
n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹
参考例句：
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

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