How Animals Keep Warm

　　细节题概述

　　细节类题目在职称英语等级考试的阅读理解题中占的比例最大，涉及的内容也很广，因此，我们在复习应考时，应注意在该类题目上多下功夫。细节题常出why, when, where, what, who等疑问词引导的句子提问。

　　解答细节题的关键在于从问题中找出问题的标志词或关键词，然后迅速找出关键词在文章中的位置，以及包含所需信息的句子或短语。

　　细节类题目常见提问形式有：

　　What causes……?

　　Why does the author mention……?

　　How many……?

　　Where in the passage does the author describe……?

　　What time does the writer think is ……?

　　The author mentions that……?

　　The writer states……?

　　等等

　　下面看一下细节题的做题方法：

　　How Animals Keep Warm(P123)

　　问题1.How does the dormouse defend itself against cold in winter?

　　1.Man has invented ways to keep warm, but how do animals defend (=protect) themselves? They cannot reason(推理) in the sense that man can, but nature has taken care of the animal kingdom(王国) by providing animals with special instincts(本能). One of these instincts is known as hibernation¹(冬眠).

　　2.“Sleeping like a dormouse” is not only a common saying but is a reality. When winter comes, the dormouse and other hibernating² animals have reached a well-nourished state.

　　A.It moves about to keep warm.

　　B.It grows thicker fur.

　　C.It sleeps continuously.

　　D.It goes to warmer areas.

　　问题2.What keeps animals alive during hibernation?

　　They eat very well in warmer days laying down fat in the tissues(组织) of their bodies and during hibernation this keeps them alive.

　　A.The fat stored in their bodies.

　　B.Their thick fur.

　　C.Their warm burrows⁴

　　D.Their deep sleeps.

　　问题3.During hibernation, animals breathe

　　Safe in their nests, or burrows(地洞), they sleep soundly until the warmth of spring arrives.

　　3.Bats, tortoises, snakes, frogs, even insects like butterflies, hibernate⁵ more or less completely. Some, like the squirrels, sleep during coldest weather but are roused by a warm spell(暖流). During hibernation, the temperature of an animal's body drops drastically (=considerably). Breathing and heart-beats almost cease (=stop).

　　A.normally

　　B.at a slower rate

　　C.at a faster rate

　　D.Leaving one's own country for another

　　问题4.According to the passage, what is “migration⁶”?

　　4.Another instinctive⁷ method of avoiding intense cold is to escape by means of migration. Wild swans, seagulls(海鸥), swallows(燕子) and cuckoos are a few of the very many kinds of birds which fly thousands of miles, twice a year, to avoid cold. Many animals, especially those of the Arctic regions, have summer and winter quarters. The Arctic deer of North America, as well as the reindeer⁸ of Europe, move southward towards the forests when winter approaches. They return to the northern area when the warmth of spring begins to be sensed.

　　A.Moving from one place to another with the season.

　　B.Living in burrows in winter.

　　C.Traveling in the winter months.

　　D.Leaving one's own country for another.

　　问题5.How do ermines survive in winter?

　　5.There are animals which do not attempt to leave at the first sign of winter cold. Their instinctive means of defense⁹ is to dig out a deep burrow³, made soft and warm by padding out(填充，填满) with straw, leaves, moss¹⁰ and fur. In it they have a “secret place” containing food which they hope will last the winter through! Animals which fall into this class include the Arctic fox, the rabbit and the ermine, and the little field-mice.

　　A.They leave their cozy¹¹ burrows and migrate to warmer lands.

　　B.They sleep soundly inside their burrows in winter.

　　C.They dig out burrows and store them with enough food.

　　D.They stay in their burrows and live on the food stored there.

　　本题启示：阅读理解的出题顺序和文章的叙述顺序一般说来是一致的。在本篇阅读理解中，第一题出现在文章的第2段的前半部分，第二题出现在第2段的后半部分，第三题出现在第3段，第四题出现在第4段，第五题出现在第5段。