托业七大题型详解(7)ShortReadings
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7. Short Readings

Format
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Part VII is the longest part of TOEIC. It's also the last part, so you may be starting to get tired. However, you need to stay focused on the test for a little longer. (Of course, if you want, you may work on part VII before you work on parts V and VI.)

Part VII consists of short reading passages followed by questions about the passages. There are four possible answer choices for each question. You must pick the best answer choice based on the information in the passage and then mark that answer on your answer sheet.

The Passages

There are from twelve to fifteen passages. Most are quite short. Some consist of only three or four sentences; the longest have around 150 words. The passages deal with a wide variety of topics and involve many different types of written materials.

There are from two to five questions per passage for a total of 40 questions. They include these three main types:

1. Overview1 questions
2. Detail questions
3. Inference2 questions

* Overview questions occur after most of the passages. To answer overview questions correctly, you need a "global" (overall) understanding of the passage. The most common overview question asks about the purpose or the main topic of the passage:

  What does this article mainly discuss?
  What is the purpose of this letter?
  Why was this notice written?

Some ask about the best title or heading of a passage:

  What is the best heading for this announcement?
  Which of the fo/lowing is the best title for the article?

Other overview questions ask about the writer of the passage, the readers of the passage, or the place of publication3:

  In what business is the writer of the passage?
  What is the author's opinion of ____ ?
  Who would be most interested in the information in this announcement?
  For whom is this advertisement intended?
  Where was this article probably published?

* Detail questions, the most common type of Part VII question, ask about specific points in the passage. You will usually have to scan4 the passage to find and identify the information. Sometimes the answer and the information in the passage do not look the same. For example, a sentence in a passage may read "This process is not as simple as it once was." The correct answer may be "The process is now more complex."

Some detail questions are negative questions. These almost always include the word NOT, which is printed in uppercase (capital) letters:

Based on the information in the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

Negative questions usually take longer to answer than other detail questions.

* A few questions in Part VII are inference questions. The answers to these questions are not directly stated in the passage. Instead, you must draw a conclusion about the information that is given. Some typical inference questions:

  Which of these statements is probably true?
  Which of the following can be inferred5 from this notice?

Answer Choices

All are believable answers to the questions. Incorrect choices often contain information that is presented somewhere in the passage but does not correctly answer the question.

A Note About Vocabulary

Most of the vocabulary in the passages consists of relatively6 common English words and phrases, but there will certainly be expressions that you do not know. However, you can understand most of a reading and answer most of the questions even if you don't know the meaning of all the words. Also, you can guess the meaning of many unfamiliar7 words in the passages through context8. In other words, you can use the familiar words in the sentence in which an unfamiliar word appears to get an idea of what the unfamiliar word means.

Tactics
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1. First, look at the passage quickly to get an idea of what it is about.

2. Next, read the questions about the passage. You should not read the answer choices at this time. Try to keep these questions in the back of your mind as you read the passage.

3. Read the passage. Try to read quickly, but read every word; don't just skim9 the passage. Look for answers to the questions that you read.

4. Answer the questions. For detail and inference questions, you will probably have to refer back to the passage. Use the eraser-end of your pencil as a pointer to focus your attention as you look for the information needed to answer the question.

5. If you are unsure of the answer, eliminate10 answer choices that are clearly wrong, and then guess.

6. Don't spend too much time on any item. If you find a question or even an entire passage confusing, guess at the answer or answers and come back to these items later if you have time.

7. If you have not answered all the questions and only a few minutes ere left, read the remaining questions without reading the passages, and choose the answers that seem most logical11.

* Types of Readings and Practice Exercises
A. Articles
B. Business Correspondence
C. Advertisements
D. Announcements



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 overview 8mrz1L     
n.概观,概述
参考例句:
  • The opening chapter gives a brief historical overview of transport.第一章是运输史的简要回顾。
  • The seminar aims to provide an overview on new media publishing.研讨会旨在综览新兴的媒体出版。
2 inference a7KxB     
n.推断结果,结论,推论,推理,推断
参考例句:
  • The inference I've drawn from his lateness is he overslept.从他来晚我得出的结论是他睡过头了。
  • You seemed to know about this book,and by inference I thought you had read it.你好像了解这本书,因此我推断你已读过它了。
3 publication xScxx     
n.出版,发行;出版;公布,发表
参考例句:
  • They don't think this article is suitable for publication.他们认为这篇文章不宜发表。
  • The government has delayed publication of the trade figures.政府已将贸易统计数字延后公布。
4 scan FZ1xu     
n.审视,浏览,扫描,押韵,细查;vt.细看,浏览,扫描,详细调查,信件扫描(指BBS处理直递邮件或会议邮件时,对所有或特定信区做检查的动作)
参考例句:
  • The first scan was bad, so I had to do it again.第一次扫描不好,所以我得重做。
  • A scan determines the position of the baby in the womb.扫描可以确定胎儿在子宮中的位置。
5 inferred 723f8592848dc468ef889e1cafac7a87     
v.推断( infer的过去式和过去分词 );间接地提出;暗示;意指
参考例句:
  • Much of the meaning must be inferred from the context. 大部分含意必须从上下文中推断。
  • I inferred this fact from the evidence I have gathered. 我根据收集到的证据推论出这件事实。 来自《简明英汉词典》
6 relatively bkqzS3     
adv.比较...地,相对地
参考例句:
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
7 unfamiliar uk6w4     
adj.陌生的,不熟悉的
参考例句:
  • I am unfamiliar with the place and the people here.我在这儿人地生疏。
  • The man seemed unfamiliar to me.这人很面生。
8 context DZnyc     
n.背景,环境,上下文,语境
参考例句:
  • You can always tell the meaning of a word from its context.你常可以从上下文中猜出词义来。
  • This sentence does not seem to connect with the context.这个句子似乎与上下文脱节。
9 skim preyr     
vt.撇(去);掠过;浏览,略读;vi.浏览
参考例句:
  • It took me an hour to skim the book.我费了一个小时把这本书草草地读了一遍。
  • He tried to skim off the best players from the local school teams.他试图从当地学校的球队中选拔出一批最好的球员。
10 eliminate yqSxM     
vt.排除,消除,根除
参考例句:
  • Can we ever eliminate poverty from the world?我们有朝一日能消除世上的贫困吗?
  • You must eliminate an unknown quantity.你必须消去一个未知数。
11 logical WxHyZ     
adj.逻辑(上)的,符合逻辑的;合乎常理的
参考例句:
  • It is logical that the book is expensive.书贵是很自然的事。
  • This is undoubtedly logical.这显然是顺理成章的。
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